This paper argues that current AI systems remain limited by their focus on ‘cold’ cognition and do not adequately model emotions, intentions, or mental states. The authors propose Theory of Mind as a crucial component of ‘hot’ cognition that could improve human–AI interaction, trust, and ethical behavior. The article combines perspectives from artificial intelligence, psychology, and neuroscience to suggest a cross-disciplinary approach to machine Theory of Mind. It is positioned as a conceptual contribution that motivates socially aware AI in high-stakes domains such as healthcare.

Author of the paper: F. Cuzzolin, A. Morelli, B. Cîrstea, B. J. Sahakian

Publisher or journal of publication: Psychological Medicine (Cambridge University Press)

The paper is available at the following link.